What are cells and what role do they play in living organisms?
Cells are the basic unit of life and are found in all living things. They come in many shapes and sizes and have different functions. It is the smallest unit of life that can carry out all of the processes of life. Cells have both living and nonliving components, including a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA. Cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells, which helps organisms grow and replace old cells.
Cells: The Building Blocks of Life
Cells are incredibly small and can not be seen with the naked eye. A single human cell is about 1/10th of a millimeter in diameter. Unicellular organisms can live and survive on their own, while multicellular organisms rely on the specialized cells to interact with each other to stay alive. Cells are made up of several organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, which all work together to keep the cell functioning.
Did you know?
Cell Membrane: an outer layer made from a double layer of phospholipids that regulates what enters and exits the cell. Cytoskeleton: an internal network of protein filaments and tubules that gives the cell its shape and allows it to move. Organelles: small structures inside a cell that perform specific functions, like storing energy, breaking down food, and disposing of waste. Examples of organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, and vacuole.
Concepts:
Animal cells contain structures called cilia, which are tiny hair-like projections that help the cell move. The nucleus of an animal cell is the only organelle that contains DNA. The plasma membrane of an animal cell is composed of lipids and proteins that regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
Did you know?
Animal cells are made up of different organelles that work together to keep the cell functioning. Organelles include a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and more. These cells are found in all multicellular organisms, such as plants and animals.
Animal Cells: An Introduction
What organelles do animal cells have in common with plant cells?
What is the outermost layer of an animal cell called?
- Plasma membrane
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
Which organelle in the animal cell is responsible for producing energy?
- Mitochondria
- Golgi Apparatus
- Lysosome
'Ribosomes' are responsible for what process?
- Protein synthesis
- Cell respiration
- Photosynthesis
What organelle is responsible for digesting waste and dead cells in an animal cell?
- Lysosome
- Centriole
- Chloroplasts
Work together in pairs: What are the three major organelles that are found in animal cells?
Work together in pairs: What is the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell?
Brain break: Draw a dinosaur riding a unicycle while juggling ice cream cones
What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?
Which organelle is responsible for generating energy in a cell?
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Ribosome
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
- Ribosome
What is the outermost layer of an animal cell called?
- Cytoplasm
- Cell wall
- Cell membrane
Question: What are the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells? Clues: • Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, animal cells do not. • Animal cells have centrioles and lysosomes, plant cells do not. • Both types of cells contain a nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and a cell membrane. In pairs: Select and solve one of the tasks: A. Draw a diagram comparing and contrasting the structures of a plant and animal cell. B. Create a Venn diagram to illustrate the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells.