What are two main types of cells found in living things?
Plant and Animal Cells
Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose, which gives them a rigid, box-like shape. Animal cells don't have a cell wall, and can take on different shapes. Both plant and animal cells have a nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
plant and animal cells
Plant Cells: Plant cells are composed of a cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and a vacuole. A cell wall is a rigid outer layer around the cell that provides structure and protection for the cell. The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds all other organelles in place. The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains the genetic information. Chloroplasts are organelles that convert light energy into chemical energy. Mitochondria are organelles that convert chemical energy into useable energy. Finally, a vacuole is a large organelle that stores food and water.
Animal Cells: Animal cells are composed of a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, and lysosomes. The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains the genetic information. The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds all other organelles in place. Mitochondria are organelles that convert chemical energy into useable energy. Lysosomes are organelles that contain enzymes that help break down molecules.
Differences between Plant and Animal Cells: The main difference between plant and animal cells is that plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not. Additionally, plant cells have a large vacuole, while animal cells have multiple small vacuoles. Finally, plant cells use photosynthesis to create energy, while animal cells use cellular respiration to create energy.
Did you know?
Plant cells have a large, green organelle called a chloroplast that helps them make food from the sun's energy. Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts. Plant cells have a rigid cell wall that gives them structure and protection, while animal cells are surrounded by a flexible membrane. Plant cells contain chlorophyll which gives them their green color, while animal cells may contain other pigments that give them their color.
Work together in pairs: What are two main differences between plant and animal cells?
Which of the following is found in both plant and animal cells?
- Cell wall
- Cell membrane
- Chloroplasts
What is the function of mitochondria in a cell?
- Produce energy
- Photosynthesis
- Store water
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?
- Golgi apparatus
- Ribosomes
- Lysosomes
Which of the following is unique to plant cells and not found in animal cells?
- Centrioles
- Chloroplasts
- Mitochondria
What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
- Produces energy for the cell
- Breaks down waste materials
- Contains DNA and controls cell activities